19P/Borrelly


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Alphonse Borrelly found this comet in Marseille, France at December,28 1904.
The spacecraft
Deep Space 1 performed a flyby at September,21 2001.

The latest IAU telegrams or the latest CBET's. IAUC Astronomical Headlines.

Minor planet center's orbital elements and Ephemeris,   the comet on Seiichi Yoshida's Homepage, Gary W. Kronk's Cometography
Light curves on Cometas Obs, JPL Small body database

Scientific links concerning 19P/Borrelly: Deep Space 1 camera, Wolfram Alpha, HST

lecture of the tail event of 19P/Borrelly on the meeting of the German comet group in fall 2009 (.ptf in German)


After getting the knowledge, that the long tail on our images is a sunward tail, some conclusions are possible now.
Analysis page with some nice animations   June, 20 2009

The analysis of the second condensation/knot of 19P/Borrelly based on our observations.

Many thanks to all participating observers!


Story board of the detection of a second knot in the tail of 19P/Borrelly in May 2009:

Sending the image of May, 7 to the Yahoo mailing goups: Comet images and Cometas_Obs

First confirmation message of Francois Kugel:
http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/Comet-Images/message/5641

Second confirmation of Francois Kugel:
http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/comets-ml/message/15547

Gustavo Muler couldn't confirm a second peak on his image of April, 23.

Francois Kugel (A77) remarked in the comet-ml, that the distance of the peak is decreasing to 8 arc seconds in PA 305� on his image of May, 10.
"We observe probably a reduction of the activity of the comet which s' move away."

The post-analysis of all images of this year is providing an interesting course of line profiles.

Giovanni Sostero, Paul Camilleri, Enrico Prosperi and Ernsto Guido of Italy (473) could find a knot or second condensation at May, 15
in 4.7 arcsec distance in PA 301�:
  Image taken with a 0.61m f/10 Cassegrain + FLI Proline PL09000 CCD
http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/comets-ml/message/15556

Blog of the observation with the image    

Sending officially the first three observations of Francois Kugel, the Italian amateurs and me to the CBAT at May, 15 UT21:24.

Esteban Reina (232) took an image of the comet at May, 15.97 with a 10" SCT f-3.3. He reported a second spot in 8 arcsec distance in PA 311�
http://es.groups.yahoo.com/group/Cometas_Obs/message/34652

image of Esteban

Leonid Elenin (H10) of the Tzec Maun Observatory, Mayhill (NM), confirmed in the comet-ML the existence of "condensation" at ~4 arcsec in PA 301.
I think Bernhard is right - object is closer and closer to central condensation.

Gustavo Muler (J47) reported of an elongated central condensation on an image of May, 16 UT 22:13

Josep M. Bosch (B74) sent an image with two peaks, taken at May, 16.9123

Rolando Lingustri (235) from CARA sent an image and remarked at May, 17:
"However, from experience gained in recent years, in my opinion, there are more fragments visible".

Sending officially the second email to the CBAT at May, 17 UT09:28 with additional observations.

At May, 18 2009 the IAUC 9044 reported the observations of Francois Kugel, France,  G. Sostero, P. Camilleri, E. Prosperi, and E. Guido of Italy and my own observation.

At May, 18 2009 I could take 80 images with 3 min. exp. time each. On the main tail I found some knots, two of them were good enough for astrometry.

At June, 12 2009 a third knot is significant visible in about 11.25 arcsec distance to the central condensation.

After coming in contact with a professional astronomer, Dr. Nalin Samarasinha of the PSI Planetary Science Institute, more light is coming into the dark.
Because fragments can normally only pushed into the direction of the intrinsic tails, our observations are probably dust phenomenons.


Analysis of our observations after the knowledge of the origin of the tails.

19P/Borrelly � by Bernhard Haeusler, Germany

19P/Borrelly between March, 20 and June, 12 2009      All stars are removed.


At this day the long sunward tail decreased its activity a bit.

19P/Borrelly � by Bernhard Haeusler, Germany    

2009-06-16 by Bernhard Haeusler, Maidbronn, Germany                                                                

90 min. exposure, 2009-06-16 UT 21:23 to UT 22:57 12" SCT f-6.532 + CCD ST10XME
18.42 mag, coma: 0'15", tail: 3'55" in PA 302�


Finally we had a complete clear night at June, 12. The tail is spreading over 13 arcmin.
The third knot is visible pretty good. See also my image of May, 7.

19P/Borrelly � by Bernhard Haeusler, Germany     19P/Borrelly � by Bernhard Haeusler, Germany

2009-06-12 by Bernhard Haeusler, Maidbronn, Germany                                                                

153 min. exposure, 2009-06-12 UT 20:55 to UT 23:35 12" SCT f-6.532 + CCD ST10XME
18.12 mag, coma: 0'15", tail: 13'29" in PA 302�


On the Full Moon night at June, 7 2009 my place here had good conditions for taking photos: good and deep seeing.
The second knot is still visible and a third knot became significant.

19P/Borrelly � by Bernhard Haeusler, Germany     19P/Borrelly � by Bernhard Haeusler, Germany

2009-06-07 by Bernhard Haeusler, Maidbronn, Germany                                                                

94 min. exposure, 2009-06-07 UT 21:20 to UT 22:54 12" SCT f-6.532 + CCD ST10XME
18.33 mag, coma: 0'07", tail: 5'11" in PA 302�


19P/Borrelly � by Bernhard Haeusler, Germany

2009-05-24 by Bernhard Haeusler, Maidbronn, Germany

81 x 3 min. exposure (243 min. total), 2009-05-24 UT 21:03 to UT 01:18 12" SCT f-6.532 + CCD ST10XME
18.36 mag, coma: 0'07", tail: 7'07" in PA 297�


19P/Borrelly � by Bernhard Haeusler, Germany

2009-05-21 by Bernhard Haeusler, Maidbronn, Germany

62 x 3 min. exposure (186 min. total), 2009-05-21 UT 21:13 to UT 01:19 12" SCT f-6.532 + CCD ST10XME
17.91 mag, coma: 0'09", tail: 6'31" in PA 299�


On May, 18 2009 I could finally take more images of the comet.

19P/Borrelly � by Bernhard Haeusler, Germany

2009-05-18 by Bernhard Haeusler, Maidbronn, Germany               .gif animation 3.919 KB     

80 x 3 min. exposure (240 min. total), 2009-05-18 UT 21:11 to UT 01:22 12" SCT f-6.532 + CCD ST10XME
18.04 mag, coma: 0'09", tail: 6'23" in PA 297�


The central condensation seems to have a double structure this day.
May be  this is a special bright dust emission in PA 310� in 13 arc seconds distance of the central condensation.
Meanwhile 3 other observers could confirm the second spot. Story board    May,16 2009
More amateur collegues confirmed the existance of one or more knots in the tail of 19P/Borelly. May,17 2009

Images of  Rolando Lingustri (235) and Esteban Reina (232)

Grubbing in my old images I found some interesting pictures and animations of comet C/1999 S4 (LINEAR):
"The Beauty and the Death of a comet"

19P/Borrelly � by Bernhard Haeusler, Germany     

2009-05-07 by Bernhard Haeusler, Maidbronn, Germany                Line profile

42 x 3 min. exposure, 2009-05-07, UT 21:56 to 00:19, 12" SCT  f-6.532 + CCD ST10XME
17.66 mag, coma: 0'16", tail: 3'19" in PA 296�

Comparison of the line profiles of the last four images


19P/Borrelly � by Bernhard Haeusler, Germany

2009-04-25 by Bernhard Haeusler, Maidbronn, Germany

10 x 3 min. exposure, 2009-04-24, UT 23:50 to 00:21, 12" SCT  f-6.532 + CCD ST10XME
17.68 mag, coma: 0'12", tails: 4'55" in PA 294�


19P/Borrelly � by Bernhard Haeusler, Germany

2009-04-22 by Bernhard Haeusler, Maidbronn, Germany

9 x 3 min. exposure, 2009-04-22, UT 23:32 to 00:01, 12" SCT  f-6.532 + CCD ST10XME
17.72 mag, coma: 0'06", tails: 3'07" in PA 294�, 24" in PA 300�


Inspite of the 94% Moon in 70� distance the complex structure of the inner and outer tails are visible quite good.
I wonder how professional images would look like?

19P/Borrelly � by Bernhard Haeusler, Germany

2009-04-12 by Bernhard Haeusler, Maidbronn, Germany

50 x 3 min. exposure, 2009-04-12, UT 00:05 to 02:42, 12" SCT  f-7 + CCD ST10XME
17.50 mag, coma: 0'10", tails: 7'35" in PA 291�, 22" in PA 216�, 34" in PA


19P/Borrelly � by Bernhard Haeusler, Germany

2009-04-03 by Bernhard Haeusler, Maidbronn, Germany

30 x 3 min. exposure, 2009-04-03, UT 01:08 to 02:42, 12" SCT  f-7 + CCD ST10XME
17.23 mag, coma: 0'10", tail: 4'03" in PA 299�


19P/Borrelly � by Bernhard Haeusler, Germany

2009-04-02 by Bernhard Haeusler, Maidbronn, Germany

20 x 3 min. exposure, 2009-04-02, UT 02:31 to 03:33, 12" SCT  f-7 + CCD ST10XME
17.25 mag, coma: 0'10", tail: 5'04" in PA 299�


19P/Borrelly � by Bernhard Haeusler, Germany

2009-04-01 by Bernhard Haeusler, Maidbronn, Germany

41 x 3 min. exposure, 2009-04-01, UT 01:41 to 03:46, 12" SCT  f-7 + CCD ST10XME
17.28 mag, coma: 0'10", tail: 4'09" in PA 300�


Today the comet was passed by a unknown? Galaxy Cluster. The little curved tail in PA 292� is amazing.

19P/Borrelly � by Bernhard Haeusler, Germany

2009-03-25 by Bernhard Haeusler, Maidbronn, Germany,      image frozen on comet and stars         

13 x 5 min. exposure, 2009-03-25, UT 01:43 to 02:49, 12" SCT  f-7 + CCD ST10XME
17.13 mag, coma: 0'15", tails: 6'35" in PA 301�, 0'44" in PA 292�, 2'08" in PA 128�


At this morning the skies were perfect and offered best conditions for taking this photo of 19P.

19P/Borrelly � by Bernhard Haeusler, Germany      19P/Borrelly � by Bernhard Haeusler, Germany

2009-03-20 by Bernhard Haeusler Germany                                   frozen on the comet

15 x 5 min. exposure, 2009-03-20, UT 02:36 to 03:04, 12" SCT  f-7 + CCD ST10XME
17.18 mag, coma: 0'11", tails: 4'49" in PA 293�, 0'49" in PA 291�, 0'26" in PA 222�


After one month the structure of the complex tail is already visible, but the magnitude of the comet is slightly decreased.

19P/Borrelly � by Bernhard Haeusler, Germany

2009-03-18 by Bernhard Haeusler Germany

9 x 3 min. exposure, 2009-03-18, UT 02:36 to 03:04, 12" SCT  f-7 + CCD ST10XME
17.11 mag, coma: 0'12", tail: 4'02" in PA 296�


The comet shows a wonderful combination of dust and curved ion tail at this morning.

19P/Borrelly � by Bernhard Haeusler, Germany

2009-02-18 by Bernhard Haeusler Germany

20 x 3 min. exposure, 2009-02-18, UT 04:17 to 05:13, 12" SCT  f-7 + CCD ST10XME
16.85mag, coma: 0'10", tail: 2'51" in PA 295�


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